WaterFuel for All - Technical Spec’s & Test Results

Facts: Bench Tests by Wouter have shown that the Waterfuelforall 6 series tubular cell generates 2lpm @ 20A, 13.8VDC without overheating.

If the voltage differentials between cells were that much of an issue as is being portrayed by some, then how is it possible for the tubular cell to achieve such good efficiency figures without overheating!?
Note that the following figures are achieved with constant spacing between the tubes:

2lpm x 60 = 120lph
13.8V x 20A = 276Watt
276/120 = 2.3 W/lph

According to Faraday predictions, it should require 2.36 W/LPH of hydroxy gas production, when gas volume is measured at STP. At room temperature this figure changes to 2.16W/LPH. So the tubular 6 series cell performance converts to 93.9% Faraday efficiency. It is not claimed that the voltage differentials have no effect. What is being emphasized is that one can see by these results that the effect clearly has a minor impact on the overall performance of the tubular design.

In this regard one must remember that the voltage is the driving force behind the current. While the inner tubes does have a smaller total area, one does need a little bit more voltage to push through the same amount of current as with larger tubes, and this is exactly the case in a tubular cell, where the voltage differential between the inner tubes is slightly higher than between the outer tubes.

What people do not realize, is that if one was really that concerned about the voltage differential between the tubes, then you could simply have a larger space between the outer tubes and a smaller space between the inner tubes, and then the voltage differentials will be closer to equal everywhere.

E.g. instead of having equal spacing cells 1″,1,5″,2″,2,5″,3″,3,5″,4″, you could have 1″, 1.25″, 1.5″, 2″, 2,5″, 3″, 4″. Wouter has done a LOT of real-time testing in this regard and feels that it is unnecessary to complicate things. But this is merely to show that one could easily address the concern if it was really necessary. In this regard t as long as one makes sure that the surface area of the smallest tube is large enough, you will have NO problems!

An example: As a rule of thumb I aim for max 0.15A per square centimeter, because Wouter uses proper 316 grade tubes. (If you are using a stainless steel of a lesser quality I would not recommend going higher than 0.1A per square centimeter) So the length of the tubes will be determined by the maximum amount of amps that you want to run your cell at. Obviously the inner tube will have the least area and thus you will be basing your calculations on the inner tube’s area, e.g. if you plan to run your cell at max 25 A and we only want max 0.15A/cm2, that imply we need a minimum electrode plate area of 167 cm2 for each tube.

The area of the inner tube is calculated as pi*Diameter*height. So for a 1″ inner tube the required Height = 167/(3.14×2.5) = 21.3 cm This will be the length of all the inner tubes and obviously the outer tube will be slightly longer.

Note that if we were trying to achieve resonance, then uneven voltage differentials between cells will have a greater effect and in such instance, Wouter does recommend people to go for a square plate series cell design. But since we are merely performing brute force electrolysis, it is not so much of an issue and we can take advantage of the benefits offered by a tubular design.

One of the biggest advantages of the tubular design compared to the sandwiched series cell design is the fact that the sandwiched series cell can be prone to leaking of water and hydrogen.

Wouter reports that after the 6 series cell design has been conditioned, the gas production has increased to +-3 liters per minute @ 30 amps. The 6 series tubular design stabilizes at +-1 liter per minute gas for every 10 amps consumed, once the cell has been run in properly.

For a concentration of 6 teaspoons (30ml) of lye to 1 liter of water (distilled recommended), the typical temperatures and amp flow for the 6 series cell is:

Amp             flow        Temperature         Gas production

Start             5A           Cold                       0.5 lpm
10 min        7.5A                                       0.75lpm
1/2 hour    10A                                         1.0 lpm
1 hour        12A           40 deg                C 1.2 lpm
1 1/2 hour 15A            50 deg               C 1.5 lpm
2 hours      16A            58 deg               C 1.6 lpm
3 hours      17A            65 deg               C 1.7 lpm
4 hours      18A           73 deg                C 1.8 lpm
5 hours      18A           74 deg                C 1.8 lpm
6 hours      18A           75 deg                C 1.8 lpm
7 hours      18A           74 deg                C 1.8 lpm
8 hours      18A           73 deg                C 1.8 lpm

One can see that after 4 hours of continuous operation, the temperature stabilizes at +-74 degrees Celsius which is ideal! Should the electrolyzer be used as a booster, then airflow will have a cooling effect on the cell and the booster should stabilize at a lower temperature.

The above figures is for a unit built from 7 tubes with diameters 4″ / 3.5″ / 3″ / 2.5″ / 2″ / 1.5″ / 1″ and at least 20cm in length, measured with a water temperature not exceeding 75 degrees Celsius. Since gas production is directly related to the amount of amps, it follows that the formula for the expected gas production (once the cell has been run in) = 1 lpm for every 10A, 13.8V = 1 lpm hydroxy gas for every 138Watt.